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A 60 year old male resident with pedal edema

 

A 60 year old male resident with pedal edema

 This is an online E-log book to discuss our patient's de-identified health data shared after taking his/her/guardian's signed informed consent. Here we discuss our individual patient's problems through series of inputs from available global online community of experts with an aim to solve those patient's clinical problems with collective current best evidence based inputs. 

This E log book also reflects my patient centered online learning portfolio and your valuable comments on comment box is welcome.

I've been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of "Patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with a diagnosis and prognosis

A 60 year old male resident of marepally farmer  by occupation came to the OPD with the chief complaints of 

CHIEF COMPLAINTS:

Burning mituration on and off since 2-3months

Burning sensation near  heart since 5 days.

Bilateral pedal edema since 5 days.

Shortness of breath since 5 days.

History of present illness : 

patient was apparently asymptomatic 4 years back then he developed lower back pain which was sudden in onset gradually progressive no aggregating and reliving factors and no associated symptoms.

Then he went to hospital where they diagnosed it as kidney failure and on medication since then.

Then 5 days back, he complained of pedal edema which was insidious in onset gradually progressive grade 1 pitting type no aggregating and reliving factors.

Associated with pain in the legs while walking.

Shortness of breath since 5 days grade 3 which is sudden in onset gradually progressive aggravated on walking relieved on taking rest not associated with fever.

Burning sensation in the chest near the heart since 5 days sudden in onset.

History of burning mituration on and off since 2-3 months not associated with fever no frequency, urgency and hesitency.

No history of PND,orthopnea, nausea, vomiting, giddiness,generalised weakness.

History of past illness : 

No similar compliants in the past 

Known case of diabetes since 8 years.

Known case of hypertension since 6 months.

No history TB,asthma,CHD,CVD,eplipsy.

No drug allergies.

Family history : not significant.

Personal history : 

Sleep : adequate

Diet : mixed 

Appetite : normal

Bowel and bladder movements : regular

Smoking and alcohol stopped 2 months back.

General examination : 

Patient is conscious, coherent , cooperative well oriented to time, place and person.

Moderately built and nourished.

Pallor : mild 

Icterus : absent

Cyanosis : absent 

 Bilateral Pedal edema : present grade 1

Lymphadenopathy : absent



Vitals :

BP : 130/80mm of Hg

Pulse : 86/min

RR : 8/min

Temperature : 98.8F 

Spo2 : 97% 

GRBS :108 mg%

System examination :


Respiratory system examination :

Inspection : 

Position of trachea central

No dropping of right shoulder

No intercostal indrawing

No supraclavicular hallowness

Shape and symmetry of the chest normal.

No dilated veins. 

No visible scars.

accessory muscles of respiration not prominent.

Palpation : 

On three finger test : position of the trachea central.

Respiratory movements are normal

Measurement of left and right hemithorax :


 
Antero posterior diameter :

Transverse diameter at the level of nipples :
AP/transverse diameter ratio = 

Distance between vertebrae and infrascapular angle  on right and left side is same  =


Vocal framitus :.            Right.                left     

Supraclavicular area.   N.                     N
Infraclavicular area.     N.                     N
Mammary area.            N.                     N
Axillary area                  N.                     N
Infraxillary area             N                     N
Suprascapular area.     N.                    N
Interscapular area.       N.                    N
Infrascapular area.       N.                    N

Percussion :

On direct percussion in clavicular area :


Tidal percussion: resonant note in the right 5 th intercostal space after deep inspiration.

Traubes space percussion : dull note

Ascultation :

Vocal resonence : 
                                          Right                left     

Supraclavicular area.  N.                        N
Infraclavicular area.    N.                        N
Mammary area.           N.                        N
Axillary area                 N.                        N
Infraxillary area           N.                        N
Suprascapular area.   N.                        N
Interscapular area.     N.                        N
Infrascapular area.     N.                        N

Normal  vesicular  breath sounds.
 
Bilateral air entry positive.

No crackles heard.


On abdominal examination:

Inspection:

Shape of abdomen is scaphoid 

Flanks are free

Umblicus is in position, inverted

Skin over abdomen normal shiny, no scars, no sinuses, no nodules, no puncture marks.

No visible veins.

No engorged veins.

Movements of abdominal wall are normal, no visible gaatric peristalsis.



Palpation: 

Liver examination:

On superficial palpation

no tenderness  , no raised temperature

On deep palpation

 No tenderness in liver

Non pulsatile



Spleen examination: 

No tenderness and pain



Percussion :

No ascitic fluid present.


Percussion of Liver for Liver Span : 14cm
Auscultation 

Normal bowel sounds heard.
2. Bruit - no renal artery bruit heard.
                no iliac artery bruit heard.


CVS Examination :

Inspection :

No abnormal palsations

No visible scars.

No chest deformities.

Mediastinum normal

Trachea central in position.

Palpation :

Mediastinal position : apex beat normal

                                       Position of trachea central.

Percussion :
On percussion No cardiomegaly.




Ascultation : on examination of mitral area, pulmonary area, tricuspid area and aortic area S1 and S2 heard. No murmurs heard.



CNS : NAD





INVESTIGATIONS

Complete blood picture 

Liver function test

Renal function test

Blood grouping

ECG

Chest x ray 

Random blood sugar
 
Complete urine examination

2D echo

USG abdomen

Serology






Treatment :

    IV insulin 

   IV calcium gluconate

   Sodium bicarbonate

   Sodium polystyrene sulfonate

Hypertension :

Beta blockers

Calcium channel blockers

Diuretics

ARBs

ACE inhibitors.



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